Thanks to modern communication, archaeological techniques and technology a more accurate understanding of the 4000[1] years from Abraham, who was closer to the knowledge of Creation than most people think, is being established.
Noah and his son Shem imparted first hand to Abraham Kabbalah that descended directly from Adam. Only 2 generations were required to carry this knowledge in order that Abraham and the world could benefit from it. [The generation of Methuselah lived during the last third of Adam's life and Noah lived during most of Methuselah's life.] Meticulously passed down to Abraham was the deepest (seemingly esoteric) knowledge[1] of the pristine perfect spiritual and physical Garden of Eden, which is carefully recorded in the mystical construct of Torahs' Hebrew words, the language of Eden[2].
In the region of Iraq, Abraham opposed the tyranny of paganism, to which his family and their society aspired, by boldly breaking with their customs a tremendously significant gesture for the time. Despite threats to his life he became devoted to meditation, prayer and the development of a deep fear and love for one intangible, transcendent G-d. In the face of adversity he and a number of members of his family established dominion over a large and mobile kingdom of followers. His religious and philosophical views were fresh, logical and modern. From the time Abraham entered Egypt in the 1948th year from creation (around 4000 years ago /2000 BCE) he was destined to be influential in that society. In Egypt, Abraham stimulated Pharaoh and his advisors to focus their intellectual attentions on his teachings and doctrines, the deep mystical line, the continuation of Adam's knowledge.
Abraham's wife Sarah, in her late 70's, considered her childless state an act of G-d. Knowing the mystical importance of a son from Abraham, she asked him to sire a child by Hagar her trusted servant. Hagar was a holy woman, a princess of Pharaoh, she was wise in matters of astrology and prophecy and a confidant to Sarah whose' prophetic abilities were on a higher level thaAbraham'sms. From Hagar Ishmael was born. When Ishmael was 13 and Abraham 99, Abraham seeking a higher more purified state circumcised[3] himself together with Ishmael. As he was recovering G-d sent his angels Michael, Raphael and Gabriel to him and to Sarah. They told them to prepare for the birth of a son. Sarah laughed and Abraham doubted the message asking instead for something more tangible, that Ishmael be blessed with the gift of life. A year later Sarah, at 90, gave birth to Isaac and 8 days later, in accordance with the angelic instructions Abraham had received, Isaac was circumcised.
Ishmael was a strong child, a skilled marksman in the physical and spiritual sense. He would live amongst and kill wild animals in ways that were opposed to the holy laws, consistent with Edenic Kabbalah, that Isaac was committed to keep. From this Sarah foresaw that Ishmael was dominated by emotional instinct and was therefore prone to unholy acts where Isaac's soul was dominated by intellect and strength that balanced well with Abraham's kindness, she prophesized this would yield an offspring of messianic[4] destiny. Given Abraham and Sarah's commitment to the sanctity of one G-d and the maintenance of the specific holy laws they had been commanded to keep, Sarah insisted that Hagar and Ishmael leave the kingdom of Abraham and G-d told Abraham to listen to Sarah. Hagar returned with Ishmael to Egypt where Abraham visited on occasions. Ishmael raised a family of 12 sons (with different wives).
Abraham was called by G-d to sacrifice his son. At first he was not sure which son because he loved Isaac and Ishmael. Abraham summoned both (Ishmael at 50 and Isaac at 37), to journey with him. Eliezer his servant and their donkey also journeyed to the place of sacrifice. Eliezer was a previous King (Og King of Bashan) who having witnessed the miracles of Abraham and Sarah had submitted, in the fullest sense, to follow the G-d of Abraham. At the time Abraham was living in Hevron a 3 day journey to Jerusalem. However the journey took much longer due to the many tests that G-d put Abraham's way. Regardless, Abraham prevailed arriving at the base of the mountain on which the sacrifice was to take place. This holy site is the same site where the Temple was built and is known as Har Bayit (The mountain of The Home of G-d - The Temple).
On the approach to Har Bayit, Abraham could physically see (sense) the spiritual light shining as an aura over the mountain, he asked each person what they saw, only Isaac, who had the deepest sensitivity, could see the same light. Abraham then asked Isaac to make the assent with him. This was the Light of Wisdom, which Abraham knew from his Kabbalistic understanding was drawn through the unification of kindness and strength, represented by the soul of Abraham and Isaac, the same prophecy that Sarah had previously seen[5]. Abraham offered Isaac as a sacrifice to G-d, Isaac asked Abraham to bind him tightly so that he would not flinch and cause a blemish in the sacrifice, but an Angel stopped Abraham.
Our present understanding of Kabbalah and Chasidus verifies this story by the many analogies to the soul's unification of kindness (mercy) and strength (judgment), which through Abraham and Isaac produced beauty (balance between intellect and emotion), the known character trait of Jacob (Israel), the son of Isaac. In fact Kabbalah reveals the complete Jewish entity (soul), which is brought about through the foundation of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob (see the next post - Taming the inner Beast). You may recall the term 'Zionist Entity' used by Iran's President Ahmadinejad, the entity he refers to is the complete Jewish soul (consisting of 600,000 fulfilled root souls) which must occur before the arrival of Israel's Messiah.
The Quran relies upon the teachings of many of the same prophets and forefathers of Torah including Abraham, Isaac, Jacob and Moses amongst numerous others. In Quran Moses is known as "Mousa Kalim Allah" (Moses, the one who spoke directly with G-d). He is heralded as the prophet who was given Torah, by G-d. Torah includes the story of Abraham, from which arises one of the most significant issues that leadership of Iran and other fundamental Islamic groups, after 1700 years, are finally contending. These groups fundamentally believe that Abraham offered Ishmael instead of Isaac as a sacrifice to G-d and this is the root of their Messianic departure. However, it is difficult for Quran to argue the sanctity and greatness of Mousa Kalim Allah and maintain that the Torah he wrote perpetrates a lie, when it declares that Isaac was the one offered by Abraham.
Finally the tomb of the forefathers (Machpelah), which Abraham purchased from the occupiers of land in Hevron, is the burial place of Adam, Abraham, Isaac and Jacob as well as their wives. One thing Jews, Christians and Muslims agree upon is that this is the resting place for their bodies. Ishmael is not buried with them.
Despite the integrity of Torah and its esoteric logic and despite the very weak arguments of Islam that dispute its authenticity[6], The Quran and Islam state it was Ishmael who was offered by Abraham. This is and remains the fundamental point of dispute which must first be resolved before fundamental Islam will ever be at peace with Israel.
[1] Zohar Vayera 117b-118a
[2] Zohar Vayera 118a - 118b
[3] Zohar Vayera 100b - 101b
[4] Zohar Vayera 119a - 119b
[5] Zohar Vayera 119a - 119b
[6] http://www.theholybook.org/en/a.48738.html
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